Venkata Ramana 02 02 With the growing need for portable devices to have highspeed energyefficient and compact systems power optimization has recently emerged as a crucial concern Todays portable design is still based on Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor CMOS technology because of its high integration density and low power dissipation Although scaling is still ongoing power consumption issues which are usually both stationary and dynamic must be resolved to preserve battery life and dependability in next devices Copyright (c) Journal of Engineering Technology and Sciences. All rights reserved 2026